12 Best Cosmetic and Plastic Surgery Clinics in Thailand

Cosmetic and plastic surgery providers across Thailand compared: hospital centres, cosmetic hospitals and clinics, with what their packages and policies cover. Check services, staff, fees and availability with each provider before you book.

Updated
12 providers compared

Key points

  • Bangkok has hospital centres, dedicated cosmetic hospitals and clinics; Phuket, Pattaya and Chiang Mai are mainly hospital-based.
  • The surgeon matters more than the brand: check their Thai Board of Plastic Surgery certificate and Medical Council licence.
  • Package prices exclude different things, from implants and tests to complications; compare written totals.
  • Revision and warranty terms vary from a written committee process to short implant warranties.

Our method for this page

We read each provider's own web pages on cosmetic and plastic surgery clinics in Thailand and kept only statements we could trace to a source. Nobody paid to be included, and the list is not a quality ranking. Criteria:

  • Board-certified plastic surgeons
  • Procedures published
  • Published prices
  • Aftercare and recovery support
Listed in no order of quality

The cosmetic and plastic surgery clinics in Thailand

No.1Private tertiary hospital

Bumrungrad International Hospital

  • Bangkok
  • English
  • 13 published prices
  • JCI accredited

Bumrungrad's Plastic (Cosmetic) Surgery Center sits on the 16th floor of Building A and sees patients by appointment, seven days a week. The page names 22 surgeons under plastic, cosmetic and reconstructive surgery; the profile we checked, Dr Apichai Angspatt, lists a Diploma of the Thai Board of Plastic Surgery (1993).

The procedure list covers rhinoplasty, eyelid and forehead surgery, facelifts and facial implants, breast augmentation, lift and reduction, tummy tucks and liposuction, including HD liposuction. It also lists reconstructive work after cancer, hand surgery, facial bone reconstruction and paediatric reconstruction, so the same team handles both cosmetic and corrective cases.

No prices or packages appear on the centre's page. It may suit patients who want a hospital setting with a large surgical roster and are prepared to request a quote.

  • 22 plastic surgeons listed
  • Cosmetic and reconstructive surgery
  • Hair transplantation
  • Open seven days, by appointment

Plastic (Cosmetic) Surgery Center, Building A, 16th floor, Counter AMonday–Friday 08:30–20:00; Saturday–Sunday 08:00–17:00 (consultations by appointment)+66 2 066 8888

Worth confirming: Several surgeons on the list also practise at other Bangkok hospitals; confirm which surgeon will operate and where.

No.2Private tertiary hospital

Bangkok Hospital (Headquarters)

  • Bangkok
  • Arabic, Japanese, Chinese +3
  • 39 published prices
  • JCI clinical care programme certifications (stroke, acute coronary syndrome, lung cancer, orthogeriatric; listed to 2027)

The Plastic Surgery and Reconstruction Center at Bangkok Hospital's headquarters is on the 1st floor of D Building and opens daily from 08:00 to 16:00. Its page lists facial contouring, breast and body surgery, and reconstructive work for cleft palate, other congenital defects, accident injuries and burns. It does not name its surgeons; a separate doctor directory and catalogue are linked.

The hospital publishes a fixed-price list for fly-in patients, valid to 31 December 2026. Eyelid surgery and rhinoplasty under local anaesthesia are outpatient; facelifts, brow lifts, breast augmentation and Vaser liposuction include one night. Prices cover the operating theatre, surgical and anaesthetic teams, operation-specific medicines and a standard room, but exclude implants, the internal-medicine clearance, laboratory tests, pathology and treatment of complications.

It may suit overseas patients who want a published starting price in a large hospital, provided they budget for the exclusions.

  • Fixed package prices published
  • Outpatient eyelid and nose options
  • Reconstructive and burns surgery
  • Open daily 08:00–16:00

Plastic Surgery and Reconstruction Center, D Building, 1st floorDaily 08:00–16:00+66 2 310 3021

Worth confirming: Implants are excluded from the breast augmentation price; ask for the implant brand and its cost before comparing quotes.

No.3Private tertiary hospital

Samitivej Sukhumvit Hospital

  • Bangkok
  • English, Japanese, Korean +6
  • 10 published prices
  • JCI accredited

The Plastic and Esthetic Surgery Institute is on the 6th floor of Building 2, the Sukhumvit Wing, with a second unit at Samitivej Srinakarin. It says its surgeons are board-certified plastic and reconstructive surgeons and that they work with anaesthetists, nurses and a cardiologist. One surgeon whose profile we checked, Dr Suttisun Jankajorn, lists Thai Board diplomas in surgery (2000) and plastic surgery (2003).

Its list runs from rhinoplasty, eyelid surgery and face and neck lifts to breast augmentation, lift, reduction and reconstruction, several types of tummy tuck, thigh and arm lifts, and traditional and Vaser liposuction. Reconstructive services include cleft lip and palate repair, scar revision and skin cancer removal. The page says it treats local residents, expatriates and international patients.

No prices are published. It may suit patients who want both cosmetic and body-contouring options within a JCI-accredited hospital.

  • Board-certified plastic surgeons (hospital's statement)
  • Post-weight-loss body contouring
  • Reconstructive surgery
  • Second unit at Samitivej Srinakarin

Plastic and Esthetic Surgery Institute, Building 2 (Sukhumvit Wing), 6th floorFollows each surgeon's operating hours+66 2 022 2661

Worth confirming: Confirm whether your surgery will be at the Sukhumvit or the Srinakarin site; they are different hospitals.

No.4Private tertiary hospital

Bangkok Hospital Chiang Mai

  • Chiang Mai
  • Thai, English, Mandarin +4
  • 19 published prices
  • JCI accredited

The Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery Clinic at Bangkok Hospital Chiang Mai covers cosmetic and reconstructive surgery of the breast, body and face, and describes its physicians as board certified. Its directory lists seven plastic surgeons, several with assistant professor titles; one profile we checked, Asst. Prof. Chirakan Charoenvicha, lists plastic surgery training at Chiang Mai University and Thai as the language spoken.

Published procedures are breast augmentation and lift, tummy tuck, body contouring after major weight loss, thigh lift, facelift, eyelid surgery and nose surgery. Contact hours are Monday to Saturday, 09:00 to 12:00.

No prices or packages are published. It may suit residents of northern Thailand, or visitors to Chiang Mai, who want breast or body-contouring surgery in a JCI-accredited hospital.

  • Seven plastic surgeons listed
  • Post-weight-loss body contouring
  • Breast, body and face surgery
  • JCI-accredited hospital

Monday–Saturday 09:00–12:00 (contact hours)+66 52 089 863

Worth confirming: Doctor profiles do not state languages consistently; confirm your surgeon speaks your language or book an interpreter.

No.5Private tertiary hospital

Bangkok Hospital Phuket

  • Phuket
  • English, German, French +13
  • 13 published prices
  • JCI accredited

Bangkok Hospital Phuket does not publish a dedicated cosmetic surgery centre. Its doctor directory lists Dr Singto Siriwiroj under plastic surgery, attached to the Emergency and Trauma Center, with medical, surgical and plastic surgery training at Khon Kaen University (plastic surgery in 2022) and English listed as a language.

That placement suggests plastic surgery here mainly supports emergency and reconstructive care. Planned cosmetic surgery in the same network is concentrated at the Phuket Plastic Surgery Institute at Bangkok Hospital Siriroj, a separate hospital elsewhere in Phuket Town.

No procedure list or prices are published. It may suit patients already under the hospital's care who need a plastic surgery opinion, for example after an injury, rather than those planning elective cosmetic surgery.

  • Plastic surgeon in doctor directory
  • 24-hour Emergency and Trauma Center
  • JCI accredited

Worth confirming: No cosmetic procedures or prices are published; confirm what the plastic surgery service offers before travelling for it.

No.6Private tertiary hospital

Bangkok Hospital Pattaya

  • Pattaya
  • Arabic, Chinese, Dutch +11
  • 12 published prices
  • JCI accredited

Bangkok Hospital Pattaya's Dermatology and Plastic Surgery Center has plastic surgery on the 2nd floor of D Building and dermatology on the floor below, and opens from 08:00 to 17:00 every day. Its directory lists several plastic surgeons; one, Dr Poonsak Sumritmanoporn, lists plastic surgery training at Siriraj Hospital (2002) and English and Thai.

The surgical list is broad for a combined skin and surgery centre: breast augmentation, reduction and lift, face, neck and brow lifts, eyelid surgery, rhinoplasty and alarplasty, chin and cheekbone work, Vaser liposuction, tummy tucks, scar revision and FUE hair transplantation. Skin lasers, injectables and skin cancer surgery sit alongside, and the hospital publishes patient stories.

Only skin-laser packages carry prices. It may suit visitors to Pattaya who want surgery in a large JCI-accredited hospital with dermatology in the same centre.

  • Plastic surgery and dermatology in one centre
  • Open daily 08:00–17:00
  • FUE hair transplantation
  • JCI-accredited hospital

Dermatology and Plastic Surgery Center, D Building, 2nd floor (plastic surgery)Daily 08:00–17:00+66 38 259 924

Worth confirming: The centre's page does not name its surgeons; use the linked doctor directory and ask who will operate.

No.7Private hospital

Bangkok Hospital Siriroj

  • Phuket
  • English, Thai
  • 18 published prices
  • JCI accredited

The Phuket Plastic Surgery Institute (PPSI) is on the 4th floor of Building 5 at Bangkok Hospital Siriroj and says most of its plastic surgery patients come from abroad. Its own site states that all its surgeons are ISAPS members and that it works to JCI-accredited standards; its director is Dr Sanguan Kunaporn.

Body contouring features heavily: tummy tucks, belt lipectomy, arm and thigh lifts, Vaser liposuction with Renuvion J-Plasma and buttock implants, alongside breast surgery, facial procedures and gender-affirming surgery. PPSI publishes a written review process for complications: concerns must be raised in writing within 12 months, and a committee can offer cost-shared or free revision surgery, sometimes with an economy airfare refund. Inherent risks such as capsular contracture, and stays shorter than the recommended minimum, are excluded.

Its packages are quoted as starting prices. It may suit patients who want surgery and recovery in Phuket with a defined revision policy.

  • Majority of patients from abroad (hospital's statement)
  • Written complication and revision policy
  • Vaser and J-Plasma body contouring
  • All surgeons ISAPS members (PPSI's statement)

Phuket Plastic Surgery Institute, Building 5, 4th floor, Bangkok Hospital SirirojDaily 08:00–16:00+66 76 361 888 ext. 3418–3419

Worth confirming: The revision policy excludes stays shorter than the surgeon's recommended minimum; get that minimum in writing before booking flights.

No.8Private tertiary hospital

Vejthani Hospital

  • Bangkok
  • Languages not published
  • 1 published price
  • JCI accredited

Vejthani's Plastic Surgery Center is on the 11th floor of the hospital in Bang Kapi and opens from 08:00 to 20:00 every day. The page names eight doctors, one of them for hair transplantation, and says its plastic surgeons are certified by the Medical Council of Thailand and "the American Board", without saying which board.

Facial work is the larger part of the published list: forehead lifts, face and neck lifts, eyelid surgery, rhinoplasty with alar reduction, lip augmentation or reduction and ear correction. Breast augmentation, reduction and lift, liposuction and reconstruction after congenital conditions or accidents are also listed. The hospital has an English hotline and an arrivals office at Suvarnabhumi Airport.

No current surgery prices are published. It may suit patients who want a hospital-based centre with long daily opening hours east of central Bangkok.

  • Open daily 08:00–20:00
  • Eight doctors named
  • Hair transplantation
  • Airport office for arriving patients

Plastic Surgery Center, 11th floor, Vejthani HospitalDaily 08:00–20:00+66 2 734 0000 ext. 1197

Worth confirming: The "American Board" statement does not say which board; ask each surgeon for their Thai Board certificate and Medical Council licence number.

No.9Specialist cosmetic surgery hospital

Kamol Cosmetic Hospital

  • Bangkok
  • Languages not published
  • Prices not published
  • JCI accredited (hospital's statement)

Kamol Cosmetic Hospital in Wang Thonglang is a specialist hospital for cosmetic and gender-affirming surgery that states it holds JCI accreditation. Its founder, Dr Kamol Pansritum, lists a Thai Board of Plastic Surgery certificate from 1997, a Medical Council licence number and membership of ISAPS and the Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons of Thailand. The site names seven doctors.

Facial surgery is a large part of its published work, including jaw, chin, cheekbone and forehead contouring and facial feminisation, alongside breast surgery and implant revision, liposuction and body lifts. For breast augmentation it describes general anaesthesia, stitch removal at seven days and advises staying in Bangkok for at least seven days.

No prices are published; consultation is offered free. It may suit patients seeking facial contouring or gender-affirming surgery in a dedicated surgical hospital.

  • Dedicated cosmetic surgery hospital
  • Facial contouring and feminisation
  • Founder lists Thai Board of Plastic Surgery (1997)
  • Website in 11 languages

Worth confirming: Ask for a written quote and the minimum stay for your procedure; neither prices nor stays for most procedures are published.

No.10Plastic surgery clinic

Preecha Aesthetic Institute (PAI)

  • Bangkok
  • Languages not published
  • 1 published price

PAI is a clinic on Sukhumvit 55 with 10 consultation rooms and six operating rooms for procedures under local anaesthesia. Consultations, check-ups and follow-up happen at the clinic, while operations under general anaesthesia are performed at affiliated JCI-accredited private hospitals. Five surgeons are listed, three of them captioned as Thai Board plastic and reconstructive surgeons.

Alongside its gender-affirming work, it lists about 40 aesthetic procedures. Its breast augmentation page sets out a package including one night in a private room, implants from 200 to 400 cc, tests, anaesthesia, surgeon and nursing fees, a support bra, take-home medicine and follow-up, but gives no total. It recommends staying eight to nine days, with flying cleared after stitch removal.

It may suit patients who want an established plastic surgery practice and are comfortable with surgery at a partner hospital.

  • Founder in practice since 1978 (clinic's statement)
  • Surgery at affiliated JCI-accredited hospitals
  • Breast package inclusions itemised
  • Nearby hotel options listed

Worth confirming: The breast augmentation page lists surcharges (larger implants, cardiology clearance over 45, 3% card fee) but no base price; ask for the full total in writing.

No.11Specialist cosmetic surgery hospital

Lelux Hospital

  • Bangkok
  • Languages not published
  • Prices not published

Lelux is a small specialist cosmetic surgery hospital in Nonthaburi, just north of Bangkok, that began as a clinic in 1999 and became a hospital in 2011. Its doctor page lists 21 doctors with their Medical Council licence numbers and a link to check them, most described as specialist plastic surgeons.

Breast augmentation is prominent: the page names Silimed, Mentor and Motiva implants, describes general anaesthesia by an anaesthesiologist and an overnight stay with 24-hour nursing for every patient, and gives about two weeks of recovery. It mentions a one-year hospital warranty covering infection and implant rupture, separate from the manufacturer's cover. Liposuction, facial contouring, facelift and eyelid surgery are also listed.

No prices are published; consultation is free. It may suit Thai-speaking patients or those with an interpreter.

  • Doctors' licence numbers published
  • Overnight stay for breast augmentation
  • One-year hospital warranty on breast implants (conditions apply)
  • After-care team contact

Worth confirming: The warranty is subject to the hospital's conditions; ask for them in writing, and confirm English-language support before booking.

No.12Specialist cosmetic surgery hospital

Masterpiece Hospital

  • Bangkok
  • Languages not published
  • Prices not published

Masterpiece Hospital works from a six-floor building on Sukhothai Road in Dusit, with 14 beds and seven operating rooms, four of them for procedures under anaesthesia. It grew from Masterpiece Clinic, opened at Siam Square in 2013 by Dr Raweewat Maschamadol, who heads the medical team.

Facial surgery leads its published list: rhinoplasty, double eyelid and eye-bag surgery, brow and face lifts including an endoscopic foxy-eye lift, and facial contouring such as cheekbone and jaw reduction. Breast augmentation, liposuction, tummy tucks and hair transplantation are also offered. The doctor page names 30 doctors but gives no specialties or qualifications.

No prices or accreditations are published. It may suit patients interested in facial contouring who are willing to check each surgeon's credentials themselves.

  • 14 beds, 7 operating rooms
  • Facial contouring focus
  • Open daily 08:00–20:00
  • English website

Worth confirming: No surgeon qualifications are published; check the operating surgeon on the Medical Council lookup before paying a deposit.

Buyer's guide

How to compare cosmetic and plastic surgery clinics in Thailand

Cosmetic surgery in Thailand is offered by large private hospitals, dedicated cosmetic surgery hospitals and smaller clinics, often at published package prices. The choice that matters most is the individual surgeon: their specialist training, where they will operate, who gives the anaesthetic, and what happens if something goes wrong after you have flown home.

This guide is general information, not medical advice. Only a surgeon who has examined you can say whether a procedure is suitable, and no surgery is free of risk.

Plastic surgeon or cosmetic doctor

Any licensed doctor in Thailand can describe themselves as offering cosmetic treatment, but a plastic surgeon has completed specialist surgical training. Thai plastic surgeons usually list a diploma or certificate of the Thai Board of Plastic Surgery on their hospital profile, often after a Thai Board of Surgery certificate. Some also list membership of the Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons of Thailand or international bodies such as ISAPS.

Check the licence yourself. The Medical Council of Thailand's public lookup (tmc.or.th/check_md) searches by first name and surname and shows whether the licence is current and any recorded specialty. Ask the clinic for the surgeon's full name and licence number rather than relying on a nickname or a screenshot.

Since 3 July 2026 a Medical Council rule requires doctors who advertise cosmetic services to show their full name and medical licence number, with any nickname alongside it. An advert, influencer post or sales message that names no doctor, or only a nickname, is a reason to ask more questions before paying anything.

Hospital, cosmetic hospital or clinic

Large private hospitals run plastic surgery centres with intensive care and other specialists in the same building. Dedicated cosmetic surgery hospitals are smaller and focus on elective surgery, typically with their own beds and operating theatres. Clinics may operate on site under local anaesthesia and send patients to a partner hospital for general anaesthesia.

Thai facilities are licensed by the Department of Health Service Support, whose lookup at hosp.hss.moph.go.th shows a facility's licence type, operator and status. Check that the place where you will actually be operated on, not only the consultation clinic, is licensed, and whether it is licensed to keep patients overnight.

  • Where will the operation take place, and is that facility licensed?
  • Is there an intensive care unit on site, or a written transfer arrangement?
  • Will you stay overnight, and who monitors you?

Anaesthesia and safety in theatre

Ask who will give the anaesthetic, and whether a specialist anaesthesiologist will be present throughout if you are having general anaesthesia or deep sedation. Ask whether the procedure is planned under local anaesthesia, sedation or general anaesthesia, and whether you will need tests or a medical clearance first; several hospitals charge for this separately or require a cardiology review for older patients.

Be cautious about combining several large procedures in one operation to fit a holiday. Ask the surgeon how combining procedures changes the risk; after examining you, they may advise staging them.

Consultation and realistic expectations

The NHS advises two consultations with the surgeon before surgery, allowing a cooling-off period, and says the consultation should be with the surgeon, not only with sales staff. The surgeon should explain what the operation can and cannot achieve, the alternatives, and the risks and complications, and should be able to show before-and-after photographs of their own work.

Remote consultations by video or messaging can help you shortlist, but the surgeon cannot finalise a plan without examining you. Ask what happens to your deposit if, on examination, the surgeon recommends a different procedure or advises against surgery.

Planning the trip and recovery

Both surgery and long flights raise the risk of blood clots (deep vein thrombosis), which can be life-threatening. The NHS and the American Society of Plastic Surgeons advise not flying for 5 to 7 days after breast surgery or liposuction, and for 7 to 10 days after facial procedures and tummy tucks. Thai providers' own recommended stays for breast augmentation run from about seven to nine days, usually until stitches are removed and a check-up is done.

Plan recovery, not a holiday. Sunbathing, swimming, alcohol, long tours and strenuous activity can delay healing or raise the risk of infection, which ASPS reports as the most common complication after surgery abroad. Choose accommodation close to the hospital, and agree in advance how you will contact the surgical team at night.

Complications, revisions and follow-up at home

Ask for the provider's complication and revision policy in writing. Some publish detailed terms: one Phuket institute, for example, requires concerns to be raised in writing within 12 months, reviews cases by committee, and excludes inherent risks such as capsular contracture and stays shorter than the recommended minimum. Others offer short hospital warranties alongside the implant manufacturer's cover. Know which applies, who pays for flights and accommodation for a revision, and whether surgery by another surgeon voids the cover.

Before you leave, ask for an operation note, discharge summary and implant details (brand, size and lot number). Talk to your own doctor before you travel; they are likely to be the first person you see if a problem appears later. The NHS notes that standard travel insurance normally does not cover problems arising from surgery.

Published prices and what packages include

Several Thai hospitals publish package prices, but what they cover varies. One Bangkok hospital's packages include the theatre, surgical and anaesthetic teams, operation medicines and a standard room, but exclude implants, the pre-operative medical clearance, laboratory tests, pathology and treatment of complications. Another clinic's breast package includes implants within a size range, one night's stay and follow-up, but adds surcharges for larger implants and a 3% card fee.

Compare total quotes, not headline prices. Check the validity date on any promotion, whether it is limited to certain surgeons or to fly-in patients, and the deposit terms. GOV.UK notes that private hospitals in Thailand usually ask self-funding patients for a deposit before treatment begins.

  • Surgeon's and anaesthesiologist's fees
  • Implant brand, size range and any surcharge
  • Number of nights and room type
  • Pre-operative tests and medical clearance
  • Take-home medicines, garments and follow-up visits
  • Treatment of complications and any revision

Questions to ask before you book

  1. What is the operating surgeon's full name and Medical Council licence number, and are they certified by the Thai Board of Plastic Surgery?
  2. How many of this procedure has the surgeon performed, and can I see their own before-and-after photographs?
  3. Where exactly will the operation take place, and is that facility licensed and able to keep me overnight?
  4. Who will give the anaesthetic, and what type of anaesthesia is planned?
  5. Will I meet the surgeon in person before the day of surgery, and can I change my mind after that consultation?
  6. What does the quoted price include and exclude, in writing, including implants, tests and medical clearance?
  7. How many nights will I stay in hospital, and how many days should I stay in Thailand before flying home?
  8. Who do I call at night or after discharge if I have pain, bleeding, fever or swelling?
  9. What is your written policy on complications and revisions, and who pays for travel if I need to come back?
  10. Will I receive an operation note, discharge summary and implant record to take home?
  11. How much is the deposit, when is it due, and when is it refundable?

Warning signs

  • The surgeon is identified only by a nickname, or no licence number is given when you ask.
  • You are offered surgery before any consultation with the surgeon, or only speak to sales staff or an agent.
  • Pressure to pay a deposit quickly to secure a promotional price.
  • A quote that does not say whether implants, anaesthesia, the hospital stay or complications are included.
  • Encouragement to fly home within a day or two of major surgery, or to combine several large procedures to save time.
  • No written aftercare plan or named contact for problems after you return home.
Sources for this guide (7)
  1. Thai PBS — Medical Council advises checking a doctor's registration (check_md lookup)
  2. Pattaya Mail — Beauty clinic doctors must show real names and licences (July 2026)
  3. Pattaya Mail — Public urged to check clinic licences on the Department of Health Service Support system
  4. NHS (UK) — Cosmetic surgery abroad
  5. American Society of Plastic Surgeons — Briefing paper: cosmetic surgery tourism
  6. BAAPS — Joint statement on cosmetic surgery abroad (June 2023)
  7. GOV.UK — Healthcare and medical services in Thailand

Questions people ask

How do I compare cosmetic surgery providers in different Thai cities?

Start with the surgeon's training and where the operation will take place, then compare written quotes line by line: surgeon and anaesthetist fees, implants, nights in hospital, tests and complication cover. Our cosmetic surgery buying guide lists the questions to ask.

When can I fly home after cosmetic surgery in Thailand?

The NHS and the American Society of Plastic Surgeons advise not flying for 5 to 7 days after breast surgery or liposuction, and 7 to 10 days after facial procedures or a tummy tuck. Thai providers' recommended stays for breast augmentation run from about seven to nine days. Your surgeon should give you a written date.

Does travel insurance cover complications from cosmetic surgery abroad?

Standard travel insurance usually does not. Ask the provider for its complication and revision policy in writing, and bring home an operation note, discharge summary and implant details for your own doctor.

What should I check about a cosmetic surgery advert in Thailand?

Since July 2026, a Medical Council rule requires doctors advertising cosmetic services to show their full name and licence number. An advert that names no doctor, or only a nickname, is a reason to ask more questions before paying a deposit.

About the writer and reviewer

  • Pimchanok Srisawat

    Health writer

    Writes guides and comparisons for Thai Clinic Guide, keeping a link to the page behind every detail so readers can check it themselves.

  • Kittisak Wongsawat

    Health writer and reviewer

    Goes through pages line by line against the sources listed, and flags wording that could be taken as advice for one reader.

This page sets out published information and is not medical advice. Speak to a doctor before you choose treatment. Our method.

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